Tsunami Essay

Tsunami

Ever wondered what is a tsunami, or how does it occur? A tsunami is a wave that occurs in an ocean or other types of water body made by earthquakes, landslides, volcano eruptions, or meteorite impact. It could be almost 30 meter high and reach at least 900 kilometer per hour.  It affects many things, for example; many people could die or get injured, people’s homes could be damaged or destroyed, and it could ruin the water system or the electricity system. A tsunami looks like a gigantic wave that is coming from the sea, ocean to the land/beach.

What to Do When a Tsunami Occurs

• Under no circumstance should you go near the coast to see the tsunami hit.  Remember this: if you can see it, than you are too close to escape.
• If a tsunami is approaching and you cannot move to higher ground, stay indoors where you will be protected from the water.  It is preferable for you to find a space in the house away from any windows. 
• Often, tsunamis are a series of waves that can be separated by a few minutes or even an hour.
• Monitor the progress of the tsunami and be alert for any warnings or instructions from local authorities.  If you’re in a safe location when the tsunami strikes, stay there until local authorities indicate that the situation is under control.
• After a tsunami, floodwater can accumulate and it can be dangerous to walk or drive through these waters.  Before driving, listen to instructions from local authorities that are coordinating the evacuation plans.
• Be aware of risks such as hypothermia or drowning in the floodwaters.  Your local Red Cross chapter can provide more information on how to prevent these problems.

 Tsunamis are detected by coastal tide gages and by tsunami buoys in the deep ocean/sea. A typical tsunami buoy system comprises two components; the pressure sensor anchored to the sea floor and the surface buoy.  This tide gages measures the tsunami’s wave straight after. The tools that might help could be that animals do things they usually don’t do, or the seismologist can predict if after an earthquake would there be any tsunamis.

 The benefits of detecting tsunamis are that first it doesn’t coast much but after it helps and saves lot of money and lives of people if they detected before anything bad will happens. Also, it warns people to be aware of a tsunami that might come to their country, city, or even a small town.

There are many impacts of tsunamis on economic, environmental socials. The impacts of tsunamis on economic are, that thousands of people loses their homes and they become homeless. The advantages are many early warnings can allow people and boats to leave an area where a Tsunami wave can impact savings thousands of lives and millions of dollars in property. The disadvantages are from possible false alarms which might lull people into thinking they don't have to act immediately and depending on the distance from the earthquake causing a tsunami, people may think they have more time to evacuate an area. Judging the size and distance of a tsunami wave might also help people decide whether to simply get to higher ground right away or if they have time to gather possessions. The system has to allow for nearby earthquakes and the amount of time it takes to gather data to put out a warning. To avoid panic, you have to give people a time limit to evade an area if possible. Clear instructions as to what procedures to follow should be taught to residents and visitors and posted in areas of concern and radio/TV broadcasts should also be implemented for instructions.

An example of a big tsunami was in 2004, December 26, in Indonesia. By the first day of the tsunami there were 150,000 people dead or missing, and millions of people became homeless in 11 countries. The epicenter of the tsunami was under the Indian Ocean near the Sumatra, Indonesia, with 9.0 magnitudes. The tsunami was 1,000 kilometers long.

All in all, you can predict a tsunami but you can’t predict an earthquake that well. Most of the times tsunamis occur in Asia and on the west side of the Pacific Ocean. Previous disasters and our knowledge of science, if money is not sparing build out an effective system of pre-stoppage on the field is less vulnerable human victims’ and material damage to survive such natural disasters. 

This happened in 2004 in Indonesia.

This is the most resent one. It's in Hawaii in 2010.

Bibliography

“The Deadliest Tsunami in History?” National Geographic News. N.p., 7 Jan. 2005. Web. 24 Feb. 2011. <http://news.nationalgeographic.com/‌news/‌2004/‌12/‌1227_041226_tsunami.html>.

Gardiner, Lisa. “What Is a Tsunami?” Window to the Univers. N.p., 21 May 2008. Web. 23 Feb. 2011. <http://www.windows2universe.org/‌earth/‌tsunami1.html>.

Higuera, Valencia P. “Tsunami: Exploring Killer Waves.” GoogoBits.com. N.p., 12 Oct. 2005. Web. 24 Feb. 2011. <http://www.googobits.com/‌articles/‌p0-2981-tsunami-exploring-killer-waves.html>.

“Tsunami Characteristics.” NWS/‌West Coast and Alaska Tsunami Warning Center. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Summer 2005. Web. 23 Feb. 2011. <http://wcatwc.arh.noaa.gov/‌characteristics.htm>.

“What to Do When a Tsunami Occurs.” Survival-Goods. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Feb. 2011. <http://www.survival-goods.com/‌What_To_Do_When_a_Tsunami_Occurs_s/‌344.htm>.
Youtube:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MI4NwahF5wI
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RDOuwMj7Xzo

Finding the Epicenter

Guiding Question: How can you locate the earthquake's epicenter?
Hypothesis: We have to find the places where people felt the earthquake, then we have to locate it. Found the distance of the places where people felt the earthquake. and then use a compass to locate the epicenter, and find the place where the lines meet.
Analyze and Conclude
Drawing Conclusion: Observe the three circle you have drawn. Where is the earthquakes epicenter? The epicenter of the earthquake is in Tennessee.
Measuring: Which city on the map is closest to the earthquake's epicenter? How far in kilometers, is this city from the epicenter? It was the closest to Nashville. 50 kilometers away from Nashville the epicenter of the earthquake.
Inferring: In which of the three cities listed in the data table would seismographs detect the earthquake first? Last? I think that the first one should be the one that is closest to the epicenter. So, that means the first city that  first got detected by the seismograph is Chicago, Illinois. The second one is Houston, Texas, and the last one is Denver, Colorado.
Estimating: About how far from San Francisco is the epicenter that you found? What would be the difference in arrival times of the P and S waves for a recording station in San Francisco?  San Francisco is about 3,000 kilometers away from the earthquake's epicenter. The arrival time difference is 5 minutes and 30 seconds.
Interpreting Data: What happens to the difference in arrival times between P waves and S waves as the distance from the earthquake increases? 

Making Waves Lab

Guiding Question: How does a wave travel in various liquids?

Hypothesis: I think that if the liquid has more density the wave will travel slower, and when it has less density then it will go faster.

Materials:

●     Plastic pan

●     water

●     oil

●     chocolate milk

●     flour and water (mixed)

●     modeling clay

●     Boll

Procedure:

1.    Fill the plastic pan with one of the liquids. If you want to do it first with flour and water you have to mix it up in boll.

2.    Get the modeling clay and try to make waves by putting it in the clay but don’t touch the bottom of the pan!!!

3.    Look how big is the wave length and how far it goes. If it comes back to the start or not. Record that in the table below.

4.    Then do Data Analysis, and conclusion!

Data Table:

Liquid	Observation
Oil	a little wave that doesn’t go until the other side of the pan
Water	a big wave that goes until the other side and comes back
flour and water mix	a little smaller then the water wave and goes until the middle of the pan

Data Analysis: The oil has the most density so the waves are slower than the water and the water with flour. So that means that the density does effect the wavelength and the frequency.

Conclusion: In conclusion my hypothesis was right. I wrote the density of the liquid does effect the wavelength and it will go slower as I thought. 

Analyzing Owl Prey

Based upon the class data, rank the most frequently consumed prey for the class "owl population".

A predator expends energy when hunting for food. Which is the more "energy expensive"cuisine, 35 insects at 1 g each one 35 g vole?

Based upon your data, supposed the shrew population seriously declined. Would it affect the areas owl population?

Wave interection

The sketches of the waving lab

This is the video what we did

Current Event #2

Dreaming makes perfect

Sleeping? No! That's what a teenager would say if u asked them. There are lots if kind of dreams. There are fantastical, boring, weird and a lot more. No one actually knows why we are dreaming, but some dreams can be related to studying something new. Scientists made new studies, in a connection between sleeping-time dreams are better memory in people if they learned something new. So just practice, practice, practices, and start sleeping on it. :) (WARNING: This doesn't mean you’re allowed to sleep during class!) In this study 99 college student the age of 18-30 each spend an hour trying to figure out the virtual maze. This maze was hard every time they had to start in a different place each time they tried. They also had to picture of a tree and remember where the saw it. There was a 90 minutes of a five-hour break, one half of the college student was told to take a short nap, and the other half was told to stay awake. The students that were awake were told to tell what’s in their thoughts. The other group of people was asked what was there dream before and after the sleep. The scientists wanted to know about NREM ("rapid eye movement"), or non-NREM, what happens during REM sleep. This time of sleeping usually bring weird or bizarre dreams to the sleeper, even though dreams can happen in all two modes of sleep. Four out of 50 people said that there dream was connected to the maze they did before. Some dreams were about the music that was played when they were working on the maze, and others were seeing people in the maze. When the 4 people tried the maze again after the nap they were able to the tree faster than before. One of the scientists thought the dream doesn't help to learn. He said that it's the other way around. All 4 of the people who dreamed about the maze did very poorly for the first time.

Bibliography: http://www.sciencenewsforkids.org/articles/20100512/Note2.asp

Picture: http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2010/04/23/article-1268210-01E60A8000000578-301_468x312.jpg

Current Event

Antarctica warms, which threatens penguins

Do you like penguins? If you do then I have a bad news for you. In Antarctica the temperature is going up, and that’s not good for penguins. Scientists these times they are studying the climate because it changes too often there. But, at the South Pole and Lake Vostok it’s getting colder and not getting warmer. A group of scientist looked more into the data where they found this information, some of the data went back 50 years, so they decided to estimate of temperature and make a new data table the new data table showed that West Antarctic Ice Sheet has been warming. This place takes up about one-quarter of the whole continent. West Antarctica is warming about 0.17 degrees Celsius per decade. East Antarctica had cooled slightly between 1957 and 2006 but now it’s warming up. Drew Shindell said “The new results … indicate that there’s warming related to greenhouse gases on all seven of Earth’s continents” Melting ice can easily make disaster for the continent’s wildlife. A data of gathered at a penguin rookery showed that when sea ice was average of 11% the penguin population was really bad. At that time the penguin population was half of the normal. Even if the melting slows the population will be the same. Other research showed that Terra Adélie can only host 400 breeding pairs by the end of the century. Forty years ago there was a big different, it was 15 times as now.

Bibliography: http://www.sciencenewsforkids.org/articles/20090204/Note3.asp

Picture: http://www.earthshots.org/photos/499.jpg